دینی علوم میں آرٹیفشل انٹیلیجنس کا کردار: امکانات اور خدشات

Dr.Fazail Asrar Ahmed, Sajida Shaheen, Khadija — Sun, 05 Oct 2025 00:00:00 +0000

The integration of Artificial Intelligence (AI) into the field of Islamic studies presents both remarkable opportunities and profound challenges. With the exponential growth of digital resources, AI can significantly enhance the accessibility, organization, and comparative analysis of Qur’anic exegesis, Hadith collections, jurisprudential literature, and historical sources. For scholars and students alike, AI-driven tools provide faster search capabilities, automated classification of texts, linguistic assistance in interpreting classical Arabic, and cross-referencing among diverse commentaries and legal opinions. These applications suggest that AI has the potential to serve as an indispensable assistant in the preservation, study, and dissemination of Islamic knowledge in the contemporary era.

Despite these benefits, critical concerns limit the role of AI in religious scholarship. AI systems remain dependent on human-designed algorithms and datasets, which raises the risk of misinterpretation, bias, and reliance on unauthenticated sources. The possibility of AI being misused in generating “automated fatwas” or replacing qualified scholars highlights a serious ethical and theological concern.

This study argues for a balanced framework: AI should be employed strictly as a supportive and auxiliary tool, not as an authoritative decision-maker. The authentic interpretation of sacred texts must remain under the supervision of qualified scholars who possess the necessary linguistic, historical, and juristic expertise. Future directions should focus on collaborative projects between Islamic seminaries, research institutions, and technology experts to develop AI systems that are carefully curated, based on authentic sources, and ethically monitored. In this way, AI can contribute positively to Islamic scholarship while respecting its epistemological and spiritual foundations.

"Makran as the Sacred Center of the Zikri Religion: A Historical, Theological, and Cultural Study"

Prof. Dr. Syed Naeem Badshah, Prof.Dr. Mehmet Ümit , Prof. Doğan Kaplan — Sun, 09 Nov 2025 00:00:00 +0000

This research paper explores the historical, theological, and cultural evolution of Makran, a region that has served as a spiritual and geographical nucleus of the Zikri faith in Balochistan. The study traces Makran’s transformation from an ancient crossroads of civilizations to a center of distinctive religious identity. Drawing upon classical sources such as Arrian, Strabo, al-Baladhuri, al-Ya‘qubi, al-Istakhri, and Yaqut al-Hamawi, the paper establishes that Makran—known to the Greeks as Gedrosia—has long been an intersection of Persian, Arab, and Indian influences.

During the Umayyad period, Makran became a frontier province following the Arab expansion into Sindh, while under the Abbasids, it developed into a hub of trade, scholarship, and Sufi mysticism. After the decline of Abbasid authority, Baloch tribes such as the Rind, Lashari, Gichki, and Hot established semi-independent rule, providing fertile ground for new religious movements.

By the fifteenth century, the Mahdavi movement—founded by Syed Muhammad of Jaunpur—reached Makran, where its teachings took root among the local tribes and evolved into what is now known as the Zikri religion. The Zikris emphasized the remembrance of God (Zikr) as the core of worship and regarded Koh-i-Murad near Turbat as their sacred center.

The paper concludes that Makran is not merely a barren landscape but a living symbol of cultural synthesis, where ancient civilizations, Islamic mysticism, and local Baloch traditions converged to shape a unique spiritual identity.

Journal of Islamic Civilization and Culture

دینی علوم میں آرٹیفشل انٹیلیجنس کا کردار: امکانات اور خدشات

"Makran as the Sacred Center of the Zikri Religion: A Historical, Theological, and Cultural Study"